There were more executions in 2015 than there have been for 25 years
- Text by Michael Segalov
Alarming new figures have surfaced today that highlight a worrying rise in the number of executions taking place around the globe. According to Amnesty International more people were put to death around the world in 2015 than at any point in the last quarter-century.
At least 1,634 people were executed in 2015, a rise of 54% on the year before, and the highest number Amnesty has recorded since 1989. This figure doesn’t include the figures for China, where the application of the death penalty remains a state secret, although Amnesty suspects thousands were likely to have been executed.
The figures – contained in a 70-page report Death Sentences and Executions in 2015 – show that the top five executioners in the world in 2015 were China, Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the USA. The surge in executions – which Amnesty described as “profoundly disturbing” – was largely fuelled by a surge in the use of capital punishment in Iran, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
In Iran at least 977 people were executed in 2015 – compared to 743+ in 2014, marking an increase of 31%. The vast majority of these executions were for drug-related crimes. Iran is also one of the world’s last executioners of child offenders, in violation of international law. Last year Iran executed at least four people who were under-18 at the time the crime were accused of was committed.
“The rise in executions last year is profoundly disturbing,” Amnesty International’s Secretary General, Salil Shetty, told Huck.“Not for the last 25 years have so many people been put to death by states around the world.”
“Iran, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have all put people to death at unprecedented levels, often after grossly unfair trials. This slaughter must end.”
In December 2014, Pakistan lifted its ban on civilian executions, and in 2015 over 320 people were killed by the state here, the highest figure ever recorded. Meanwhile, in Saudi Arabia, executions rose by 76% on 2014’s figures, with at least 158 people executed last year. Most were beheaded, but firing squads were also used and executed bodies were sometimes displayed in public.
The number of countries using capital punishment also rose last year, from 22 in 2014 to 25 in 2015. At least six countries which did not carry out executions in 2014 did so in 2015, including Chad where executions were carried out for the first time in more than a decade.
Amnesty also stressed that in the majority of countries where people were sentenced to death or executed, the death penalty was imposed after proceedings that did not meet international fair trial standards. Methods used also varied: beheading (Saudi Arabia), hanging (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Egypt, India, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Jordan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore, South Sudan, Sudan), lethal injection (China, USA, Vietnam) and shooting (Chad, China, Indonesia, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Taiwan, UAE, Yemen).
Four countries did however completely abolished the death penalty in 2015 – Fiji, Madagascar, Republic of Congo and Suriname. Mongolia also passed a new criminal code abolishing the death penalty, which will take effect later this year. Overall, for the first time ever, a majority of the world’s countries – 102 – have now fully abolished the death penalty.
Amnesty also point to other positive indicators – the USA carried out 28 executions, the lowest number since 1991, while the number of death sentences imposed in the USA (52) was the lowest number since 1977. The state of Pennsylvania also imposed a moratorium on executions.
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